A series of advices for believing women: Hijaab&Modesty

Continued series on "Advices for believing women"

Advice #2: The Hijaab and its purpose

Bismillah,

Indeed, all praise and thanks are due to Allah alone, lord of the heavens and the earth. Without him we would not be able to breath, see, hear or think. Without Allah, we are nothing. Thus, only He alone has every right to be worshipped and I reject all others that are worshipped beside Allah. I bear witness that Muhammad ibn Abdullaah is the final prophet and messenger of Allah for mankind. He is the brother of Musa (Moses) and Eesa (Jesus son of Mary), he was the best of creation and a mercy for mankind. So peace and blessings be upon him (sala Allahu alayhi wa sallam).


In the last post, I advised my sisters regarding parents in Islam and how they should be treated. I did this realizing my own mistakes and faults and pointed out that yes we are all human beings.

In our present day and age, the ummah is slowly beginning to wake up from its slumber. The nations of kufr have united against the ummah of Muhammad without doubt. Their hatred for Islaam and its people is apparent with the words they speak and by their actions, but as Allah said, the hidden hatred in their hearts is worse. We see protests, violent clashes and massacres taking place all over the lands of Islaam.  Through the media,  one realizes that the issue is not light and that things are getting worse and more serious. We see the faces of many young people in these massacres and demonstrations. We are happy that "yes, finally we are waking up to see some of our problem."  This is as it may seem but the reality is different. Why do we not have a solution to our problems?

What will get this ummah anywhere is most definitely and certainly one thing. That is turning back to Islaam completely-not partially. Turning back to the Quran and sunnah is the initial key and solution to our many present-day problems. When we do this, we will surely see the victory of Allah right in front of us. Once we establish this, it is important to know what to do next and what is expected from us.

My dear sister, know and realize that the paradise of Allah is indeed expensive and not cheap. Saying la ilaha illa Allah alone is not sufficient to take us to al jannah. Rather, it is "KNOWING" La ilaha illa Allah.  What do we mean when we say "knowing" la ilaha illa Allah? Well, we  say this just as Allah azza wa jall commanded The Messenger of Allah in the Noble Revelation,

"So know that la ilaha illa Allah and seek forgiveness for your sin and also for the believing men and believing women.." [Surah Muhammad ayah 19]

Knowledge is the key to following the Pure Book and Sunnah of our beloved (sala Allahu alayhi wa sallam). The ummah will grow and progress by first going back to what it is lacking in. What will burn and eradicate the fire of disbelief and ignorance is knowledge of the Quran and Sunnah. If we are ignorant of our own belief, how will we overcome our enemy? If we do not know what we are living for and who we seek to die for, then what good is left in us my dear sisters?

So know and realize my dear sister that Islam is a set of principles, rules, akhlaaq(manners), and not merely statements. We adhere to Islam with conviction through our actions.

The hijaab, my beloved sister is from Allah and you as a jewel and daughter of Islam should appreciate that. The Muslim woman is the happiest and closest woman to Allah in obedience because when she wears the proper hijaab she does it out of love and obedience to her creator and not to a man.

Look around you my dear and respected sister, the women in the magazines and those who model for the different companies are all dressing to please and appeal to men. These companies and industries are run by men! This is a pure depiction of the contradictory of the west and their so called democracy and call to freedom.

Know O Muslimah that you are the most free woman on Earth! May Allah keep you happy and make you content with Islaam as well as us. The hijaab requires a pure intention, a strong heart and patience. It is not mere clothing, rather it is a form of Ibadah! Yes this is indeed true.

After all this, realize and understand my sister that the proper, Islaamic hijaab has several conditions. If every sister adheres to these conditions, we would see much better results in our communities for we know children imitate their elders. We are the example for the next generation. Are children become what we are. So let us as muslim women who believe in Allah and the last day turn to the proper hijaab for the sake of Allah.

THE CONDITIONS OF THE HIJAAB as per the Quran and Sunnah:

1.  It must cover the entire body.

Allah clearly mentions in Surah al Ahzaab (Surah 33) ayahs 53, 59 and in Surah Al Noor (Surah 24) ayah 31 the hijaab. In Surah al Ahzaab, Allah azza wa jall uses the term jilbaab and hijaab and in Surah al Noor, the term khumur (plural of khimaar which means scarf).

First, we should know that the khimaar is not the hijaab itself but is actually a part of the hijaab. The khimaar is the part of the hijaab that covers the hair and neck. The hijaab is the entire covering, it can be one piece or 2 piece. The jilbaab is the full hijaab and is one long garment which the musim woman puts over herself. We mention these differences because many people refer to the scarf as hijaab when this is definitely not the case. Someone can be wearing a scarf and that can be just a scarf and not the hijaab because the hijaab must always fulfill the conditions.

So, the hijaab must cover the entire body. As we know, the scholars have differed over covering the face and hands. According to one group , it is waajib (obligatory) to also cover the face and hands. In this case the niqaab is also a part of the hijaab. It covers the face and sometimes the eyes.

Another group of scholars said it is mustahhab(highly recommended) that a Muslim woman covers her face. Either way, it is a virtuous act and may Allah reward the women who wear it for His sake and keep them firm.

2. The hijaab must be loose and not tight.

This is a very important rule. Sometimes we see sisters (may Allah forgive them and us) who wear maa sha Allah plain black abaaya but that is tight from the top and curvy from the waist and opens down. This shows the figure of the woman and this is not allowed. The point of the hijaab is for the woman to be dressed as a chaste,modest believing woman. The hijaab is not meant to attract people to the woman's body shape. This destroys the purpose of the hijaab my dear sister, so please avoid this.

3. The hijaab must not be decorated

As we mentioned, the hijaab is not meant to attract people. We should not wear shiny, glittery things on our hijaab or dress or skirt. Things that would bring us out or make us stand out.This is not to say that the hijaab must be dull colored and plain black. The hijaab can be any decent, non-attracting attention color but it should not be shiny and have decorations on it.

4. The hijaab must be long 

Some sisters wear short skirts or abayas even though these skirts or abayas may be plain and not decorative. The prophet (sala Allahu alayhi wa sallam) said "all of a woman is awrah." Awrah means something that is to be covered like the private parts. My dear sisters it is mandatory that we learn our deen and seek knowledge. We were not created to merely go to school, work, and have fun. Our main purpose and goal in life is to worship Allah and to please Him.  If we do this, we will find all happiness and acquire a sense of blissful peace.

The feet of a woman are awrah as we know. Therefore, how can a sister cover her feet with socks yet wear a short skirt or abaya in which the skin of her legs or ankles are showing? The hijaab must be long enough to cover the feet. If the sister is wearing socks, the dress or skirt can be up to the ankle or a little past that. It doesnt have to be so long. If she can not find socks then she should make the dress or skirt is long enough that her feet are covered.  In any case the feet must be covered, this is the view of the majority of the scholars. The proof for this is from the hadeeth of Umm Salamah (radiyallahu anha).  Abu Dawud reported in his Sunan that Umm Salamah was asked about a woman who prayed in a khimaar and a dress. She replied, "There is nothing wrong with it if the dir' (chemise) covers her feet."  The hadeeth has been graded weak and strong by different scholars but the meaning is correct.  So we advice our sisters to make sure that their hijaab is long. The longer the better.

5. The hijaab must not be transparent

The hijaab as we said, must be thick and not show the figure of the woman. Similarly, it must not be thin in material that would make it see-through. This breaks the purpose of hijaab which is to cover the shape of the woman. The prophet (sala allahu alayhi wa sallam) said towards the end of time before the Day of Judgment, women will appear who will be dressed but naked(kaasiyaat 'aariyyaat).[refer. Hadeeth of Ibn Ummar, Sahih Muslim]

Wearing see-through clothing shows the woman's skin beneath her clothing although she is wearing actual clothing. This is definitely not hijaab and may Allah guide us all.

6. The hijaab must not resemble the clothing of the disbelievers

The hijaab must not be from the kuffar brands like we have nowadays CK, skinny jeans, etc. My dear sister, understand that the hijaab is a garment we as muslim women wear for the sake of Allah, not for people. The hijaab is meant to bring you closer to Allah, not to lead you to imitating the disbelievers. Remember the prophet (sala Allahu alayhi wa sallam) said "whoever imitates a people is from among them." So we should make sure that we imitate the hijaab of the mothers of the believers and female companions. We dont need to "modernize" the hijaab. Allah has made it for all times! Its the best uniform for the muslim woman. Its what brings us closer together when we see one another in public. More importantly, its what brings us closer to ALLAH.

7. The hijaab must not be perfumed

Beware o female slave of Allah! This is very important my dear sister as it has become common nowadays. My dear sister if you are not aware of the issue now, please listen carefully. It is not permissible for a muslim woman to spray herself with perfume before she leaves her home. You may ask, "well what's the proof?"

A woman who smelt of perfume passed by Abu Hurayra (radiya allahu anhu) and was on her way to the masjid. So he said to her, "O slave-woman of the Compeller (yaa Amatul Jabbar)! Where are you headed?" she replied, "To the masjid." He said, " And have you put on perfume for that?" She replied, "yes." He said, " I heard the messenger of Allah say, "Any woman who puts on perfume then goes out to the masjid, no salah will be accepted from her until she takes a bath." [ Sunan Ibn Majah]

Finally, it all goes back to intention. Before you leave your home each and every moment, ask yourself the question, "Why am I wearing this?" and "Am I wearing this hijaab for the sake of Allah?" "is Allah azza wa jall pleased with what I am wearing?"These are important questions because they affect us.  These questions show you how much the hijaab means to you, how much Allah means to you. My dear sister, know that Islaam is meant to protect the muslim. The hijaab is not oppression to you, rather it is honor and dignity. The Muslim woman is the only and truly dignified woman on the face of the earth. When you do something for the sake of Allah, never think of it as a loss. It is actually a gain and a great benefit for you. All these women who walk about half naked are not like you. You are what is shining the street when you walk down that street in proper hijaab. Hijaab is becoming more strange and strange in these miserable times we are living in. It is a blessing for Allah to choose us to be the ones to revive it. Let the haters continue their false talk, they can never distinguish the light of Allah, al Islaam. Alhamdulillah more sisters are coming back to the truth. We thank Allah for Islaam and we always ask him for thabaat (firmness) bi-idhnillaah.

May Allah make us true believing chaste women and we ask Allah to keep us firm in our Islaam. May Allah help each and every sister and guide her to the proper hijaab. May Allah protect the muslim women all over the world who wear the hijaab for the sake of Allah.

A series of advices for believing women: Parents

~**Dealing with parents**~

Bismillah

Our parents. We love them, they love us- at least this is the case for most people. We share a mutual relationship with our parents. When we say parents nowadays in the western context, it almost seems like a business partnership and in most cases we fail to realize who it is we are arguing with or yelling at.

The status of parents has almost become diminished in our societies and the media has a great portion to do with it. So, who are our parents? Why have we lost so much respect for the two who brought us into this world and why have we failed to please them?

My sister in Islam, have you forgotten the high status Allah azza wa jall has granted our parents over others? Why do we treat our friends and companions more graciously than our parents?
We must know that Allah azza wa jall has not mentioned the order of tawheed or to worship Him alone in the Quran except that He immediately followed it with being dutiful to one's parents. Allah azza wa jall says,

"Worship Allah and join none with Him (in worship) and do good to parents.." [Surah Al Nisaa':36]

Thus, being dutiful to one's parents is of the greatest deeds in Islam and comes with great reward. The Messenger of Allah (sala allahu alayhi wa sallam) was asked, "Which of the deeds is loved most by Allah?" He replied, "Salah at its fixed time."and then he was asked, "What next?" He replied, "Kindness to parents..."[Al Bukhari and Muslim from Ibn Mas'ud hadeeth]

On the contrary, being 'aaq or disobedient and rude to one's parents is the from the four greatest major sins in Islam. The four greatest major sins have been reported to us in the following hadeeth:

Abu Bakrah ibn al Haarith (ra) narrated, The Messenger of Allah (sws) said, "Shall I not inform you of the biggest of the major sins?"The Messenger of Allah asked this question thrice! We said, "Yes O Messenger of Allah!" He said, "Al Shirku billah (ascribing partners to Allah in His worship), to be undutiful to one's parents." The Messenger of Allah sat up from his reclining position and said, "And I warn you against giving forged statement and a false testimony; I warn you against giving forged statement and a false testimony." The Messenger of Allah kept repeating that warning till we wished he would stop." [Al Bukhari and Muslim]

Therefore my dear sisters the issue is certainly not a light one. Allah in His infinite mercy knows the pain and emotions of the mother and the hardwork and stress both parents go through to work for and raise righteous children. How then do we repay them by being selfish and rude children.
 Allah has even taught us how to talk to our parents in His noble book.

We should not say the word "uff" or anything close to that. In our times, many teens tend to say similar words like "ugh,pfff, sheesh.." This may seem like it means nothing but to a parent, especially the mother, this word carries a lot of hurtful images and meaning. Let's turn to Allah in forgiveness everyday after our five daily prayers and sunnah/nafl prayers and ask for His forgiveness for the shortcomings we fall into that we may or may not be aware of.

Remember, if you forget something , there is always one who has not forgotten. We can never pay our parents back for the suffering and trouble they went through to raise us especially in such environments as ours. The least we can do is make duaa for them in our sujood and ask Allah to have mercy on them and to give them jannah. This is a lot. In fact making dua for one's parents is from the qualities of the early righteous.

Look at Ibraahim (AS). His father was Aazaar, the idol-worshipper who made it his custom to make and design the village idols. Ibraahim knew his father was on the wrong path and he clearly understand that it was incumbent on him to advice his father. Why? Because Allah tells us to save ourselves and  families from a fire whose fuel is men and stones!

In Surat Maryam, we are shown the etiquettes of approaching one's parents when one or either of them are indulged in wrong actions. Ibraahim approached his father in the most respectful way, yet he was given back the most harsh and offending reply an obedient child could bear. And yet after all the advice and da'wah to his parent, Ibraahim (AS) for a long time continued to make duaa for Him that Allah forgives him and guides him until Allah azza wa jall finally forbade him from doing so.

What would he say? Our father, Al Khaleel would supplicate to His lord, "And forgive my father, He is indeed among those who are lost." [Surah Shuara:86]

Just pay attention to the wording of the dua! If Ibraahim wanted, he could have cursed his father for rejecting Allah and mocking him! He could have made dua to Allah that Allah gives him a miraculous guidance to Islam. Instead he chose such beautiful dua of forgiveness for a man who clearly disowned him for choosing the right path.


So whenever we fall into a confrontation with our parents knowing that they are actually wrong, we should still contain ourselves and put ourselves in Ibraahim's shoes. We should avoid raising our voice at our parents, we should stay silent and let them finish what they have to say, and only then do we say our take. We should also never forget the power of dua!

Allah tells us many times in the Quran to call onto Him and to supplicate. We are even told that those who do not supplicate to Allah often are stingy and have a kind of arrogance. This is because as a human being, we are weak and not enough for ourselves. The one who created us is the only one who can relieve us of our distress and pain. So, why not call to Him and make duaa?!

Have we forgotten that Allah is the changer of the hearts, the hearts are in his hands an He (azza wa jall) turns them as He pleases. We should follow in the footsteps of the best of creation (sala Allahu alayhi wa sallam ) who would supplicate often, "Ya Muqallibal quloob thabbit qalbi 'ala deenik" meaning, "O turner of the hearts! Keep my heart firm on your religion." What an amazing, profounding dua. We should use this dua for ourselves and for our parents. If you are having a hard time convincing your parents of something, just make wudhu, pray 2 rak'ah salah and make dua to Allah in the middle of the night, when all are asleep and it is just you and Allah. Take that time to plead to Him and to ask Him for forgiveness and then for your needs. We should not be shy of Allah! This is what Allah wants from us. He wants us to cry and complain to Him as a child would to his mother.


We ask Allah to make us dutiful to our parents and to allow us to do that which pleases Him first and foremost. And peace and blessings upon the final Messenger.

A Blessed Land

A Blessed Land

A land so blessed you truly are
I wonder and dream of you from afar
I dream of walking over your golden-green land
Which many a prophet of Allah did once stand
Bilaad ash-Shaam! Oh place of purity and truth
Oh land of the glorious days of the believing youth
Oh land of Tawheed! That upright , true deen
Oh land of martyrs the greatest any man has seen
In you many pure blood was spilled 
But for a just cause were they killed
To you , Ibraahim and Lut did migrate
From the takbeers of Ibn al Waleed and alQa'qaa did your walls shake!
I hear your painful cries my beloved land 
To Allah only do I complain and raise my hand
I hear your cries yet I do not respond
So I ask my Lord, All Mighty to pardon me 
and fear not O Children of Dimashq for the morning of victory is but near dawn! You shall see!

-Muhibbatu-shaam 

The Sunnah is like the Ark of Nuh

Bismillaah,

It is reported that Imam Malik ibn Anas (rahimahullah), the imam of Darul Hijrah (Madinah) of his time, said:

"The sunnah is like the ark of Nuh (AS). Whoever goes on it is saved and whoever leaves it will drown." [Taareekh Baghdad: 3850]

What does it mean to say that the sunnah is like the ark of Nuh (Noah peace be upon him)? We should first look at the definition of this word, "sunnah."

Linguistically, sunnah means "the path/way that is to be followed."  According to the scholars of Aqeedah, sunnah means, " the guidance of the prophet, Islaam, the sharia of Muhammad."

The sunnah is what every muslim is required to follow. It is the guidance of Muhammad ibn Abdullah (sala Allahu alayhi wassalam). It is what corresponds with the book of Allah. It is among the sources of this great deen. We have the book of Allah, the Quran and second, the sunnah of His final prophet and messenger. Where can a person go without these two sources? True success lies in following the Quran and sunnah and being attached to these two. If we abandon the sunnah then we have also abandoned the Quran.

Allah azza wa jall says, "Say, obey Allah and obey the Messenger . Then if they turn away, Allah does not love the disbelievers." [Surah 3: 32]

Allah also says, " And obey Allah and obey the Messenger and be cautious; but if you turn back, then know that obligated on our messengers is only the clear delivery (of the message of Islam, Quran and sunnah)." [Surah 5:92]

The sunnah has its role in Islam. In fact, the sunnah is what explains the Quran for us. This is why we find many verses in the Quran where Allah is telling us to obey ALLAH and the MESSENGER. The sunnah is our guiding light. It is what brings us from the darknesses of ignorance , guiding us to worshipping the Almighty upon insight and knowledge.

Oh Muslim! Know that we are living in a strange era where the sunnah is looked down upon by people. A strange time is upon us in which those who follow the sunnah are seen as radicals, extremists and show-offs. Do not listen to these false claims and ignore the barking of the dogs. All they wish to see you is drown in the ocean of ignorance and falsehood as they are.  However, be wise and intelligent and stick to the anchor of this great ship of the sunnah.

Indeed, Allah's Messenger prophesied these tricky years we are living and advised us greatly.
"For surely, he lives from amongst you shall see much differing, so it is upon you to be upon my sunnah and the sunnah of the rightly-guided caliphs. Bite on to it with your back molar teeth..." [Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi from the hadith of Irbadh ibn Saariyyah, saheeh by al Albani]

So there you have it. What are we to do in such miserable times where the sunnah is abandoned and people differ with one another regarding the religion? We are to follow the sunnah of our beloved and those who followed him in righteousness. We are to follow the path  of those who follow the sunnah even if we must go through a dark, scary forest. The tests are plenty but the fruits are sweet. We must ask Allah for firmness and steadfastness.

Remember those before you who were thrown in prisons for defending this great aspect of Islam, the sunnah. Remember the likes of Sufyan ath-Thawree, Imam Ahmad, Ibn Taymiyyah, and the rest. Remember your brethren who were killed for preserving what may seem to us a small act of the sunnah but was a great deal to people at the time.

Be proud of who you are my brother and sister. Realize the end is for the believers even though the tyrants and aggressors may detest it. The sunnah of Allah is what will be the final decree to come to pass and no creation can prevent this.

Those who convey the Message of Allah and fear Him, and fear none but Allah, and sufficient is Allah as a Reckoner.

Al Nahw al Waadih: LESSON 4

LESSON 4: الفاعل or The Do-er

Examples of Sentences:
 1. طار العصفور - The sparrow flew
 2. جرى الحصان - The horse ran
 3. لعب الولد - The boy played
 4.يعوم السمك - The fish is flowing(in the water)
 5. يلسع البعوض - The mosquito is biting
 6. تأكل البنت - The girl is eating

 All of the words above are examples of sentences and each sentence is made up of a FI3l (action) and an ISM (noun), and if we look in the first sentence for example, we see that the one who TAARA(flew) is the sparrow(al3usfur), and the one who JARA(ran) is the horse, and the one who LA3IBA(played) is the boy.

 So the sparrow is the one who did the act of flying and the horse is the one who did the act of running and so on.. And if we look at each ISM ( noun) , we find that the FI3L(verb) has perceded it.
EXAMPLE: طار العصفور. The verb(طار) is before the ISM(sparrow).

 We also find that the ISM in this case is MARFU3(ending with a dhamma).

EXAMPLES: al 3usfuru, alhisaanu, alwaladu, as-samaku, albu3udhu, albintu)

 القاعدة السابعة: الفاعل: إسمٌ مرفوعٌ تقدمه فعلٌ ، ودل على الذي فعل الفعل
  The Seventh Principle: ALFAA3il (The Doer): is an Ism(noun) that is marfu3( ending with dhamma) and has a fi3l(verb) proceeding it and it(the faa3il) shows the one who did the action.

تمرينات (some exercises for this lesson) ضع فاعلاً لكل فعل من الأفعال الأتي (Place a doer for each verb from the following verbs)
1. نبح - barked. EX: نبح القلب (THE DOG BARKED)
2. يضحك - laughing EX: يضحك محمد (MUHMMAD IS LAUGHING)
3. يبكي - crying EX:يبكي الولد (THE BOY IS CRYING)
4. نطح - burped EX: نطح سليمان (SULAYMAN BURPED)
5. يشرب - drinking EX: يشرب الطبيب كوب من ماء بارد (THE DOCTOR IS DRINKING A CUP OF COLD WATER)
6. عطس- sneezed EX: عطس موسى ثم حمد الله ( MUSA SNEEZED AND THEN HE PRAISED ALLAH)
7. سافر - travelled EX: سافر التاجر إلى بلده (THE BUSINESSMAN TRAVELLED TO HIS COUNTRY)
8. يركب -riding EX: يركب المقاتل فرسه (THE FIGHTER IS CLIMBING HIS HORSE)

  تمرين في الاعراب (an exercise in i3raab-the breaking down of grammar) 

EXAMPLE:
 حضر الغائب 1 meaning: "The absent one came."

 حضر - فعل ماض HADAR- Is a past tense verb

 الغائب - فاعل مرفوع ALGHAAEB - Is faa3il (do-er) that is marfu3 (ending with dhamma).

 2.يطير الذباب meaning: "The fly is flying"

 يطير - فعل مضارع YATEERU- Is a present tense verb

 الذباب- فاعل مرفوع ADh-Dhubaabu- Is faa3il (do-er) that is marfu3 (ending with dhamma).

 END OF LESSON 4

Al Nahw al Waadih: LESSON 3

Lesson 3 from the book An-Nahw al Waadih 

النحو الواضح الدرس الثالث : تقسيم الفعل بإعتبار زمنه Lesson 3 - Dividing the fi'l (verb) according to its time Examples from sentences.

 1- فعل الماضي THE PAST TENSE VERB 

Examples of sentences:

 1. جرى الكلب -the dog ran
 2. وقف الرجل - the man stood up
 3. ضاع الكتاب - the book was lost
 4. دقت الساعة - the clock rang
 5. جاءت البنت - the daughter came
 6.باضت الدجاجة - the hen laid the egg If we look at the sentences above , we see that all of them include an action taking place in a specific time.
All of the verbs highlighted above are in the past tense.

  القاعدة الرابعة : الفعل الماضي هو كل فعل يدل على حصول عمل في الزمن الماضي. 

THE FOURTH PRINCIPLE: Alfi'l almaadi (the past tense verb) is every verb that shows an action taking place in the past.(alzaman almaadi means the past time). 

2- الفعل المضارع THE PRESENT TENSE VERB

1. اغسل يدي - I am washing my hands
 2. ألبس ثيابي - I am putting my clothes on
 3.نلعب بالكرة - we are playing with the ball
 4.نمشي في الحقول - we are walking in the field
 5.ينبح الكلب - the dog is barking
 6. ينتبه الحارس - the guard is alert
 7.تأكل البنت - the girl is eating 8. تذبل الوردة - the rose is blossoming

 The highlighted verbs are all in the present tense or MUDAARI3. In arabic, the action and the person doing the action are put together. so for example in sentence 1 it says AGHSILU which means "I wash" or "I am washing" AGHSILU shows us washing taking place in the present time or the the future. The same for sentence 2, ALBASU THIYYABI "I wash my clothes or I am washing my clothes" shows us an action taking place in the present time (zaman al haadir) or in the mustaqbal(future )If we also look at each of the above sentences, we see that each fi3l(verb) at the start of the sentence begins with either a TAA, YAA, NUN, or HAMZA. تاءً ، ياءً، نوناً، همزة.

 These 4 huruf are known as "ahruf al mudaari'a" أحرف المضارعة

 For sentences 1 and 2 , AGHSILU and ALBASU both have the harf of hamza before them, this makes it singular. So it is one person talking. AGHSILU( I WASH) ALBASU ( I DRESS) For sentences 3 and 4, the NUN in the verbs NAL3AB and NAMSHI signify a group of people talking. SO the NUN corresponds to "WE" in ARABIC. NAMSHI(WE WALK) NAL3AB (WE PLAY) for sentences, 5 and 6, the YAA is talking about a male person. So in sentence 5, YANBAHU means HE IS BARKING and by the end of the sentence , we know who is barking. THE DOG(alkalb) In sentence 6, YANTABIHU means HE IS ALERT and we finish the sentence, we find out who is alert (THE GUARD, al haaris). And in sentences 7 and 8, the TAA is used for feminine terms, So the first sentences reads TA'KUL ALBINT which means (THE GIRL IS EATING). TA'KUL OR تأكل MEANS "SHE IS EATING" In sentence 8, TATHBUL or تذبل means "SHE IS BLOOMING or BLOSSOMING" and this is referring to the warda(the rose). which is a feminine term since it has the feminine TAA at the end.

  القاعدة الخامسة : الفعل المضارع هو كل فعل يدل على حصول عمل في الزمن الحاضر أو المستقبل ولا بد أن يكون مبدوءًا بحرف من أحرف المضارعة وهي الهمزة والنون والياء والتاء . 

THE FIFTH PRINCIPLE: THE PRESENT TENSE VERB IS EVERY VERB THAT SHOWS AN ACTION TAKING PLACE IN THE PRESENT TIME OR IN THE FUTURE AND IT IS NECESSARY THAT IT STARTS WITH ANY HARF OF THE HURUF OF THE PRESENT VERB WHICH ARE: THE ALIF HAMZA, NUN, YAA, AND TAA.

  3-الفعل الأمر THE IMPERATIVE VERB 

1. إلعب بالكرة - Play with the ball.
 2. أطعم قطك - Feed your cat.
 3. نظف ثيابك - Clean your clothes.
 4. نم مبكراً- Sleep early.
 5. تمهل في السير - Slow down in walking.
 6.أجد مضغ الطعام - Chew the food.

 The first words in the above sentences are all verbs(af3aal). because all of them are showing us that an act is taking place in a specific time. And if we look at the sentences we see that the mutakallim(one talking) is seeking something from the mukhaadib(one being talked to) here and is ordering him to do something in the future.For this reason, every verb from amongst these verbs is called "فعل أمر" OR ORDERING VERB(imperative)

  القاعدة السادسة : فعل الأمر هو كل فعل يطلب به حصول شيءٍ في الزمن المستقبل 

The Sixth Principle: The Fi3l al Amr (imperative, commanding verb) is every verb that demands an action to take place in the future.

Al Nahw al Waadih: LESSON 2

LESSON 2: Parts of a Sentence - أجزاء الجملة 

This lesson is telling us the categories of a basic sentence structure in the Arabic language.

 The examples of the sentences we shall use:

1. ركب إبراهيم الحصان - Ibraahim boarded the horse.
2. يداعب إسماعيل القط - Ismaaeel is playing the kitten.
3.يحصد الفلاح القمح - The farmer is harvesting the wheat.
4. تأكل الشاة فولاً وشعيرا - The sheep is eating grain(barley).
5. سمعت النصيحة - I listened to the advice.
6.يسطع النور في الحجرة - The light is entering (pouring in) the room.
7. تجري السفينة على الماء - The ship is sailing the water.
8.هل تحب السفر ؟ - Do you love travel?

We learned in the previous lesson that jumla mufeeda is made up of parts which are words(kalimaat). If we look at the above sentences and their meanings, we will find that Ibraahim, Ismaaeel, and the farmer are all words that name people(ashkaas, individuals). And the words; hisaan(horse), qidd(kitten), and shaat(sheep) are all words that name types of animals. and the words; qumh(wheat), fool, and sha'eer are all words that name type of nabaat(plants, etc), and the words; room(hujra), safeena(ship), and water name inanimate(nonliving) things. So each one of these words is an ism.

 And if we look at the other words such as; ركب، يداعب ، يحصد ، تأكل are all words that show us what is taking place in a specific time(zaman khaas), so RAKIBA(he went on) shows us an action taking place in the PAST tense.( this is known as fi3l maadi) , YUDA3IB(playing with) is a verb that is in the PRESENT tense(known as fi3l mudaari3).

 Finally, if we look at the words or expressions : في، على، وهل . FEE means, "in" ALA means "on or upon" and HAL means " do" These words are all HURUF or prepositions. If they are used alone, one will never get a complete understanding and therefore, these expressions are used with in the sentence and NEVER alone.

 PARTS of sentence are divided into 3 categories:

 إسم - كل لفظ يسمي به إنسان أو حيوان أو نبات أو جماد أو أي شيئ آخر

Meaning: ISM is a noun, which is every word that names a person, animal, plant, inanimate things or anything else of that sort.

فعل -كل لفظ يدل على حصول عمل في زمن خاص

Meaning: FI3l is every word that leads or shows an action taking place in a specific time(zaman khass)

 حرف - كل لفظ لا يظهر معناه إلا مع غيره

Meaning:  HARF means every lafdh (word, expression) whose meaning is not clear by itself. EX: feehi, 3ala, ilaa, min, bi, are HURUF(prepositions)

    القاعدة الثالثة : الكلمة ثلاثة أنواع : إسمٌ ، وفعلٌ وحرفٌ

The Third Principle:The kalima is of 3 types: 1. ism ( a noun) 2. fi3l ( a verb) 3. harf( a preposition)

  SOME EXERCISES (HOMEWORK): EXERCISE 1

اقرا الجمل الآتية وبين الأسماء التي تدل على أشخاص والتي تدل على حيوان والتي تدل على نبات والتي تدل على جماد

  Read the sentences and make clear the nouns that name people and the ones that name animals, and the ones that name plants and nonliving things.

 فريد يجري في الشارع - Fareed is running in the street.

 علي يركب الحمار -Ali is riding the donkey.

 يحب الولد البرتقال - The boy loves the orange.

 يحترق الحطب - The firewood is burning.

 الكلب ينام في البستان - The dog is sleeping in the garden.

 يتسلق الغلمان في الجبل - The boys are climbing the mountain.

 الثعلب يأكل الدجاج - The fox is eating the chicken.

 البستاني يجمع الأزهار - The gardener is collecting the flowers.

إفترس الذئب كبشاً - The wolf hunted a lamb.

 يسبح الأولاد في البحر - The boys are swimming in the ocean.

 الحديد يدوب في النار - The iron is melting in the fire.

 المداد في الدواة- The ink is in the inkstand.