~**Dealing with parents**~
Bismillah
Our parents. We love them, they love us- at least this is the case for most people. We share a mutual relationship with our parents. When we say parents nowadays in the western context, it almost seems like a business partnership and in most cases we fail to realize who it is we are arguing with or yelling at.
The status of parents has almost become diminished in our societies and the media has a great portion to do with it. So, who are our parents? Why have we lost so much respect for the two who brought us into this world and why have we failed to please them?
My sister in Islam, have you forgotten the high status Allah azza wa jall has granted our parents over others? Why do we treat our friends and companions more graciously than our parents?
We must know that Allah azza wa jall has not mentioned the order of tawheed or to worship Him alone in the Quran except that He immediately followed it with being dutiful to one's parents. Allah azza wa jall says,
"Worship Allah and join none with Him (in worship) and do good to parents.." [Surah Al Nisaa':36]
Thus, being dutiful to one's parents is of the greatest deeds in Islam and comes with great reward. The Messenger of Allah (sala allahu alayhi wa sallam) was asked, "Which of the deeds is loved most by Allah?" He replied, "Salah at its fixed time."and then he was asked, "What next?" He replied, "Kindness to parents..."[Al Bukhari and Muslim from Ibn Mas'ud hadeeth]
On the contrary, being 'aaq or disobedient and rude to one's parents is the from the four greatest major sins in Islam. The four greatest major sins have been reported to us in the following hadeeth:
Abu Bakrah ibn al Haarith (ra) narrated, The Messenger of Allah (sws) said, "Shall I not inform you of the biggest of the major sins?"The Messenger of Allah asked this question thrice! We said, "Yes O Messenger of Allah!" He said, "Al Shirku billah (ascribing partners to Allah in His worship), to be undutiful to one's parents." The Messenger of Allah sat up from his reclining position and said, "And I warn you against giving forged statement and a false testimony; I warn you against giving forged statement and a false testimony." The Messenger of Allah kept repeating that warning till we wished he would stop." [Al Bukhari and Muslim]
Therefore my dear sisters the issue is certainly not a light one. Allah in His infinite mercy knows the pain and emotions of the mother and the hardwork and stress both parents go through to work for and raise righteous children. How then do we repay them by being selfish and rude children.
Allah has even taught us how to talk to our parents in His noble book.
We should not say the word "uff" or anything close to that. In our times, many teens tend to say similar words like "ugh,pfff, sheesh.." This may seem like it means nothing but to a parent, especially the mother, this word carries a lot of hurtful images and meaning. Let's turn to Allah in forgiveness everyday after our five daily prayers and sunnah/nafl prayers and ask for His forgiveness for the shortcomings we fall into that we may or may not be aware of.
Remember, if you forget something , there is always one who has not forgotten. We can never pay our parents back for the suffering and trouble they went through to raise us especially in such environments as ours. The least we can do is make duaa for them in our sujood and ask Allah to have mercy on them and to give them jannah. This is a lot. In fact making dua for one's parents is from the qualities of the early righteous.
Look at Ibraahim (AS). His father was Aazaar, the idol-worshipper who made it his custom to make and design the village idols. Ibraahim knew his father was on the wrong path and he clearly understand that it was incumbent on him to advice his father. Why? Because Allah tells us to save ourselves and families from a fire whose fuel is men and stones!
In Surat Maryam, we are shown the etiquettes of approaching one's parents when one or either of them are indulged in wrong actions. Ibraahim approached his father in the most respectful way, yet he was given back the most harsh and offending reply an obedient child could bear. And yet after all the advice and da'wah to his parent, Ibraahim (AS) for a long time continued to make duaa for Him that Allah forgives him and guides him until Allah azza wa jall finally forbade him from doing so.
What would he say? Our father, Al Khaleel would supplicate to His lord, "And forgive my father, He is indeed among those who are lost." [Surah Shuara:86]
Just pay attention to the wording of the dua! If Ibraahim wanted, he could have cursed his father for rejecting Allah and mocking him! He could have made dua to Allah that Allah gives him a miraculous guidance to Islam. Instead he chose such beautiful dua of forgiveness for a man who clearly disowned him for choosing the right path.
So whenever we fall into a confrontation with our parents knowing that they are actually wrong, we should still contain ourselves and put ourselves in Ibraahim's shoes. We should avoid raising our voice at our parents, we should stay silent and let them finish what they have to say, and only then do we say our take. We should also never forget the power of dua!
Allah tells us many times in the Quran to call onto Him and to supplicate. We are even told that those who do not supplicate to Allah often are stingy and have a kind of arrogance. This is because as a human being, we are weak and not enough for ourselves. The one who created us is the only one who can relieve us of our distress and pain. So, why not call to Him and make duaa?!
Have we forgotten that Allah is the changer of the hearts, the hearts are in his hands an He (azza wa jall) turns them as He pleases. We should follow in the footsteps of the best of creation (sala Allahu alayhi wa sallam ) who would supplicate often, "Ya Muqallibal quloob thabbit qalbi 'ala deenik" meaning, "O turner of the hearts! Keep my heart firm on your religion." What an amazing, profounding dua. We should use this dua for ourselves and for our parents. If you are having a hard time convincing your parents of something, just make wudhu, pray 2 rak'ah salah and make dua to Allah in the middle of the night, when all are asleep and it is just you and Allah. Take that time to plead to Him and to ask Him for forgiveness and then for your needs. We should not be shy of Allah! This is what Allah wants from us. He wants us to cry and complain to Him as a child would to his mother.
We ask Allah to make us dutiful to our parents and to allow us to do that which pleases Him first and foremost. And peace and blessings upon the final Messenger.
A blog to empower sisters and educate them on matters of the Deen and Dunya!
Sunday, November 3, 2013
Wednesday, October 23, 2013
A Blessed Land
A Blessed Land
A land so blessed you truly are
I wonder and dream of you from afar
I dream of walking over your golden-green land
Which many a prophet of Allah did once stand
Bilaad ash-Shaam! Oh place of purity and truth
Oh land of the glorious days of the believing youth
Oh land of Tawheed! That upright , true deen
Oh land of martyrs the greatest any man has seen
In you many pure blood was spilled
But for a just cause were they killed
To you , Ibraahim and Lut did migrate
From the takbeers of Ibn al Waleed and alQa'qaa did your walls shake!
I hear your painful cries my beloved land
To Allah only do I complain and raise my hand
I hear your cries yet I do not respond
So I ask my Lord, All Mighty to pardon me
and fear not O Children of Dimashq for the morning of victory is but near dawn! You shall see!
-Muhibbatu-shaam
A land so blessed you truly are
I wonder and dream of you from afar
I dream of walking over your golden-green land
Which many a prophet of Allah did once stand
Bilaad ash-Shaam! Oh place of purity and truth
Oh land of the glorious days of the believing youth
Oh land of Tawheed! That upright , true deen
Oh land of martyrs the greatest any man has seen
In you many pure blood was spilled
But for a just cause were they killed
To you , Ibraahim and Lut did migrate
From the takbeers of Ibn al Waleed and alQa'qaa did your walls shake!
I hear your painful cries my beloved land
To Allah only do I complain and raise my hand
I hear your cries yet I do not respond
So I ask my Lord, All Mighty to pardon me
and fear not O Children of Dimashq for the morning of victory is but near dawn! You shall see!
-Muhibbatu-shaam
Saturday, October 12, 2013
The Sunnah is like the Ark of Nuh
Bismillaah,
It is reported that Imam Malik ibn Anas (rahimahullah), the imam of Darul Hijrah (Madinah) of his time, said:
"The sunnah is like the ark of Nuh (AS). Whoever goes on it is saved and whoever leaves it will drown." [Taareekh Baghdad: 3850]
What does it mean to say that the sunnah is like the ark of Nuh (Noah peace be upon him)? We should first look at the definition of this word, "sunnah."
Linguistically, sunnah means "the path/way that is to be followed." According to the scholars of Aqeedah, sunnah means, " the guidance of the prophet, Islaam, the sharia of Muhammad."
The sunnah is what every muslim is required to follow. It is the guidance of Muhammad ibn Abdullah (sala Allahu alayhi wassalam). It is what corresponds with the book of Allah. It is among the sources of this great deen. We have the book of Allah, the Quran and second, the sunnah of His final prophet and messenger. Where can a person go without these two sources? True success lies in following the Quran and sunnah and being attached to these two. If we abandon the sunnah then we have also abandoned the Quran.
Allah azza wa jall says, "Say, obey Allah and obey the Messenger . Then if they turn away, Allah does not love the disbelievers." [Surah 3: 32]
Allah also says, " And obey Allah and obey the Messenger and be cautious; but if you turn back, then know that obligated on our messengers is only the clear delivery (of the message of Islam, Quran and sunnah)." [Surah 5:92]
The sunnah has its role in Islam. In fact, the sunnah is what explains the Quran for us. This is why we find many verses in the Quran where Allah is telling us to obey ALLAH and the MESSENGER. The sunnah is our guiding light. It is what brings us from the darknesses of ignorance , guiding us to worshipping the Almighty upon insight and knowledge.
Oh Muslim! Know that we are living in a strange era where the sunnah is looked down upon by people. A strange time is upon us in which those who follow the sunnah are seen as radicals, extremists and show-offs. Do not listen to these false claims and ignore the barking of the dogs. All they wish to see you is drown in the ocean of ignorance and falsehood as they are. However, be wise and intelligent and stick to the anchor of this great ship of the sunnah.
Indeed, Allah's Messenger prophesied these tricky years we are living and advised us greatly.
"For surely, he lives from amongst you shall see much differing, so it is upon you to be upon my sunnah and the sunnah of the rightly-guided caliphs. Bite on to it with your back molar teeth..." [Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi from the hadith of Irbadh ibn Saariyyah, saheeh by al Albani]
So there you have it. What are we to do in such miserable times where the sunnah is abandoned and people differ with one another regarding the religion? We are to follow the sunnah of our beloved and those who followed him in righteousness. We are to follow the path of those who follow the sunnah even if we must go through a dark, scary forest. The tests are plenty but the fruits are sweet. We must ask Allah for firmness and steadfastness.
Remember those before you who were thrown in prisons for defending this great aspect of Islam, the sunnah. Remember the likes of Sufyan ath-Thawree, Imam Ahmad, Ibn Taymiyyah, and the rest. Remember your brethren who were killed for preserving what may seem to us a small act of the sunnah but was a great deal to people at the time.
Be proud of who you are my brother and sister. Realize the end is for the believers even though the tyrants and aggressors may detest it. The sunnah of Allah is what will be the final decree to come to pass and no creation can prevent this.
Those who convey the Message of Allah and fear Him, and fear none but Allah, and sufficient is Allah as a Reckoner.
It is reported that Imam Malik ibn Anas (rahimahullah), the imam of Darul Hijrah (Madinah) of his time, said:
"The sunnah is like the ark of Nuh (AS). Whoever goes on it is saved and whoever leaves it will drown." [Taareekh Baghdad: 3850]
What does it mean to say that the sunnah is like the ark of Nuh (Noah peace be upon him)? We should first look at the definition of this word, "sunnah."
Linguistically, sunnah means "the path/way that is to be followed." According to the scholars of Aqeedah, sunnah means, " the guidance of the prophet, Islaam, the sharia of Muhammad."
The sunnah is what every muslim is required to follow. It is the guidance of Muhammad ibn Abdullah (sala Allahu alayhi wassalam). It is what corresponds with the book of Allah. It is among the sources of this great deen. We have the book of Allah, the Quran and second, the sunnah of His final prophet and messenger. Where can a person go without these two sources? True success lies in following the Quran and sunnah and being attached to these two. If we abandon the sunnah then we have also abandoned the Quran.
Allah azza wa jall says, "Say, obey Allah and obey the Messenger . Then if they turn away, Allah does not love the disbelievers." [Surah 3: 32]
Allah also says, " And obey Allah and obey the Messenger and be cautious; but if you turn back, then know that obligated on our messengers is only the clear delivery (of the message of Islam, Quran and sunnah)." [Surah 5:92]
The sunnah has its role in Islam. In fact, the sunnah is what explains the Quran for us. This is why we find many verses in the Quran where Allah is telling us to obey ALLAH and the MESSENGER. The sunnah is our guiding light. It is what brings us from the darknesses of ignorance , guiding us to worshipping the Almighty upon insight and knowledge.
Oh Muslim! Know that we are living in a strange era where the sunnah is looked down upon by people. A strange time is upon us in which those who follow the sunnah are seen as radicals, extremists and show-offs. Do not listen to these false claims and ignore the barking of the dogs. All they wish to see you is drown in the ocean of ignorance and falsehood as they are. However, be wise and intelligent and stick to the anchor of this great ship of the sunnah.
Indeed, Allah's Messenger prophesied these tricky years we are living and advised us greatly.
"For surely, he lives from amongst you shall see much differing, so it is upon you to be upon my sunnah and the sunnah of the rightly-guided caliphs. Bite on to it with your back molar teeth..." [Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi from the hadith of Irbadh ibn Saariyyah, saheeh by al Albani]
So there you have it. What are we to do in such miserable times where the sunnah is abandoned and people differ with one another regarding the religion? We are to follow the sunnah of our beloved and those who followed him in righteousness. We are to follow the path of those who follow the sunnah even if we must go through a dark, scary forest. The tests are plenty but the fruits are sweet. We must ask Allah for firmness and steadfastness.
Remember those before you who were thrown in prisons for defending this great aspect of Islam, the sunnah. Remember the likes of Sufyan ath-Thawree, Imam Ahmad, Ibn Taymiyyah, and the rest. Remember your brethren who were killed for preserving what may seem to us a small act of the sunnah but was a great deal to people at the time.
Be proud of who you are my brother and sister. Realize the end is for the believers even though the tyrants and aggressors may detest it. The sunnah of Allah is what will be the final decree to come to pass and no creation can prevent this.
Those who convey the Message of Allah and fear Him, and fear none but Allah, and sufficient is Allah as a Reckoner.
Wednesday, June 5, 2013
Al Nahw al Waadih: LESSON 4
LESSON 4: الفاعل or The Do-er
Examples of Sentences:
1. طار العصفور - The sparrow flew
2. جرى الحصان - The horse ran
3. لعب الولد - The boy played
4.يعوم السمك - The fish is flowing(in the water)
5. يلسع البعوض - The mosquito is biting
6. تأكل البنت - The girl is eating
All of the words above are examples of sentences and each sentence is made up of a FI3l (action) and an ISM (noun), and if we look in the first sentence for example, we see that the one who TAARA(flew) is the sparrow(al3usfur), and the one who JARA(ran) is the horse, and the one who LA3IBA(played) is the boy.
So the sparrow is the one who did the act of flying and the horse is the one who did the act of running and so on.. And if we look at each ISM ( noun) , we find that the FI3L(verb) has perceded it.
EXAMPLE: طار العصفور. The verb(طار) is before the ISM(sparrow).
We also find that the ISM in this case is MARFU3(ending with a dhamma).
EXAMPLES: al 3usfuru, alhisaanu, alwaladu, as-samaku, albu3udhu, albintu)
القاعدة السابعة: الفاعل: إسمٌ مرفوعٌ تقدمه فعلٌ ، ودل على الذي فعل الفعل
The Seventh Principle: ALFAA3il (The Doer): is an Ism(noun) that is marfu3( ending with dhamma) and has a fi3l(verb) proceeding it and it(the faa3il) shows the one who did the action.
تمرينات (some exercises for this lesson) ضع فاعلاً لكل فعل من الأفعال الأتي (Place a doer for each verb from the following verbs)
1. نبح - barked. EX: نبح القلب (THE DOG BARKED)
2. يضحك - laughing EX: يضحك محمد (MUHMMAD IS LAUGHING)
3. يبكي - crying EX:يبكي الولد (THE BOY IS CRYING)
4. نطح - burped EX: نطح سليمان (SULAYMAN BURPED)
5. يشرب - drinking EX: يشرب الطبيب كوب من ماء بارد (THE DOCTOR IS DRINKING A CUP OF COLD WATER)
6. عطس- sneezed EX: عطس موسى ثم حمد الله ( MUSA SNEEZED AND THEN HE PRAISED ALLAH)
7. سافر - travelled EX: سافر التاجر إلى بلده (THE BUSINESSMAN TRAVELLED TO HIS COUNTRY)
8. يركب -riding EX: يركب المقاتل فرسه (THE FIGHTER IS CLIMBING HIS HORSE)
تمرين في الاعراب (an exercise in i3raab-the breaking down of grammar)
EXAMPLE:
حضر الغائب 1 meaning: "The absent one came."
حضر - فعل ماض HADAR- Is a past tense verb
الغائب - فاعل مرفوع ALGHAAEB - Is faa3il (do-er) that is marfu3 (ending with dhamma).
2.يطير الذباب meaning: "The fly is flying"
يطير - فعل مضارع YATEERU- Is a present tense verb
الذباب- فاعل مرفوع ADh-Dhubaabu- Is faa3il (do-er) that is marfu3 (ending with dhamma).
END OF LESSON 4
Examples of Sentences:
1. طار العصفور - The sparrow flew
2. جرى الحصان - The horse ran
3. لعب الولد - The boy played
4.يعوم السمك - The fish is flowing(in the water)
5. يلسع البعوض - The mosquito is biting
6. تأكل البنت - The girl is eating
All of the words above are examples of sentences and each sentence is made up of a FI3l (action) and an ISM (noun), and if we look in the first sentence for example, we see that the one who TAARA(flew) is the sparrow(al3usfur), and the one who JARA(ran) is the horse, and the one who LA3IBA(played) is the boy.
So the sparrow is the one who did the act of flying and the horse is the one who did the act of running and so on.. And if we look at each ISM ( noun) , we find that the FI3L(verb) has perceded it.
EXAMPLE: طار العصفور. The verb(طار) is before the ISM(sparrow).
We also find that the ISM in this case is MARFU3(ending with a dhamma).
EXAMPLES: al 3usfuru, alhisaanu, alwaladu, as-samaku, albu3udhu, albintu)
القاعدة السابعة: الفاعل: إسمٌ مرفوعٌ تقدمه فعلٌ ، ودل على الذي فعل الفعل
The Seventh Principle: ALFAA3il (The Doer): is an Ism(noun) that is marfu3( ending with dhamma) and has a fi3l(verb) proceeding it and it(the faa3il) shows the one who did the action.
تمرينات (some exercises for this lesson) ضع فاعلاً لكل فعل من الأفعال الأتي (Place a doer for each verb from the following verbs)
1. نبح - barked. EX: نبح القلب (THE DOG BARKED)
2. يضحك - laughing EX: يضحك محمد (MUHMMAD IS LAUGHING)
3. يبكي - crying EX:يبكي الولد (THE BOY IS CRYING)
4. نطح - burped EX: نطح سليمان (SULAYMAN BURPED)
5. يشرب - drinking EX: يشرب الطبيب كوب من ماء بارد (THE DOCTOR IS DRINKING A CUP OF COLD WATER)
6. عطس- sneezed EX: عطس موسى ثم حمد الله ( MUSA SNEEZED AND THEN HE PRAISED ALLAH)
7. سافر - travelled EX: سافر التاجر إلى بلده (THE BUSINESSMAN TRAVELLED TO HIS COUNTRY)
8. يركب -riding EX: يركب المقاتل فرسه (THE FIGHTER IS CLIMBING HIS HORSE)
تمرين في الاعراب (an exercise in i3raab-the breaking down of grammar)
EXAMPLE:
حضر الغائب 1 meaning: "The absent one came."
حضر - فعل ماض HADAR- Is a past tense verb
الغائب - فاعل مرفوع ALGHAAEB - Is faa3il (do-er) that is marfu3 (ending with dhamma).
2.يطير الذباب meaning: "The fly is flying"
يطير - فعل مضارع YATEERU- Is a present tense verb
الذباب- فاعل مرفوع ADh-Dhubaabu- Is faa3il (do-er) that is marfu3 (ending with dhamma).
END OF LESSON 4
Al Nahw al Waadih: LESSON 3
Lesson 3 from the book An-Nahw al Waadih
النحو الواضح الدرس الثالث : تقسيم الفعل بإعتبار زمنه Lesson 3 - Dividing the fi'l (verb) according to its time Examples from sentences.
1- فعل الماضي THE PAST TENSE VERB
Examples of sentences:
1. جرى الكلب -the dog ran
2. وقف الرجل - the man stood up
3. ضاع الكتاب - the book was lost
4. دقت الساعة - the clock rang
5. جاءت البنت - the daughter came
6.باضت الدجاجة - the hen laid the egg If we look at the sentences above , we see that all of them include an action taking place in a specific time.
All of the verbs highlighted above are in the past tense.
القاعدة الرابعة : الفعل الماضي هو كل فعل يدل على حصول عمل في الزمن الماضي.
THE FOURTH PRINCIPLE: Alfi'l almaadi (the past tense verb) is every verb that shows an action taking place in the past.(alzaman almaadi means the past time).
2- الفعل المضارع THE PRESENT TENSE VERB
1. اغسل يدي - I am washing my hands
2. ألبس ثيابي - I am putting my clothes on
3.نلعب بالكرة - we are playing with the ball
4.نمشي في الحقول - we are walking in the field
5.ينبح الكلب - the dog is barking
6. ينتبه الحارس - the guard is alert
7.تأكل البنت - the girl is eating 8. تذبل الوردة - the rose is blossoming
The highlighted verbs are all in the present tense or MUDAARI3. In arabic, the action and the person doing the action are put together. so for example in sentence 1 it says AGHSILU which means "I wash" or "I am washing" AGHSILU shows us washing taking place in the present time or the the future. The same for sentence 2, ALBASU THIYYABI "I wash my clothes or I am washing my clothes" shows us an action taking place in the present time (zaman al haadir) or in the mustaqbal(future )If we also look at each of the above sentences, we see that each fi3l(verb) at the start of the sentence begins with either a TAA, YAA, NUN, or HAMZA. تاءً ، ياءً، نوناً، همزة.
These 4 huruf are known as "ahruf al mudaari'a" أحرف المضارعة
For sentences 1 and 2 , AGHSILU and ALBASU both have the harf of hamza before them, this makes it singular. So it is one person talking. AGHSILU( I WASH) ALBASU ( I DRESS) For sentences 3 and 4, the NUN in the verbs NAL3AB and NAMSHI signify a group of people talking. SO the NUN corresponds to "WE" in ARABIC. NAMSHI(WE WALK) NAL3AB (WE PLAY) for sentences, 5 and 6, the YAA is talking about a male person. So in sentence 5, YANBAHU means HE IS BARKING and by the end of the sentence , we know who is barking. THE DOG(alkalb) In sentence 6, YANTABIHU means HE IS ALERT and we finish the sentence, we find out who is alert (THE GUARD, al haaris). And in sentences 7 and 8, the TAA is used for feminine terms, So the first sentences reads TA'KUL ALBINT which means (THE GIRL IS EATING). TA'KUL OR تأكل MEANS "SHE IS EATING" In sentence 8, TATHBUL or تذبل means "SHE IS BLOOMING or BLOSSOMING" and this is referring to the warda(the rose). which is a feminine term since it has the feminine TAA at the end.
القاعدة الخامسة : الفعل المضارع هو كل فعل يدل على حصول عمل في الزمن الحاضر أو المستقبل ولا بد أن يكون مبدوءًا بحرف من أحرف المضارعة وهي الهمزة والنون والياء والتاء .
THE FIFTH PRINCIPLE: THE PRESENT TENSE VERB IS EVERY VERB THAT SHOWS AN ACTION TAKING PLACE IN THE PRESENT TIME OR IN THE FUTURE AND IT IS NECESSARY THAT IT STARTS WITH ANY HARF OF THE HURUF OF THE PRESENT VERB WHICH ARE: THE ALIF HAMZA, NUN, YAA, AND TAA.
3-الفعل الأمر THE IMPERATIVE VERB
1. إلعب بالكرة - Play with the ball.
2. أطعم قطك - Feed your cat.
3. نظف ثيابك - Clean your clothes.
4. نم مبكراً- Sleep early.
5. تمهل في السير - Slow down in walking.
6.أجد مضغ الطعام - Chew the food.
The first words in the above sentences are all verbs(af3aal). because all of them are showing us that an act is taking place in a specific time. And if we look at the sentences we see that the mutakallim(one talking) is seeking something from the mukhaadib(one being talked to) here and is ordering him to do something in the future.For this reason, every verb from amongst these verbs is called "فعل أمر" OR ORDERING VERB(imperative)
القاعدة السادسة : فعل الأمر هو كل فعل يطلب به حصول شيءٍ في الزمن المستقبل
The Sixth Principle: The Fi3l al Amr (imperative, commanding verb) is every verb that demands an action to take place in the future.
النحو الواضح الدرس الثالث : تقسيم الفعل بإعتبار زمنه Lesson 3 - Dividing the fi'l (verb) according to its time Examples from sentences.
1- فعل الماضي THE PAST TENSE VERB
Examples of sentences:
1. جرى الكلب -the dog ran
2. وقف الرجل - the man stood up
3. ضاع الكتاب - the book was lost
4. دقت الساعة - the clock rang
5. جاءت البنت - the daughter came
6.باضت الدجاجة - the hen laid the egg If we look at the sentences above , we see that all of them include an action taking place in a specific time.
All of the verbs highlighted above are in the past tense.
القاعدة الرابعة : الفعل الماضي هو كل فعل يدل على حصول عمل في الزمن الماضي.
THE FOURTH PRINCIPLE: Alfi'l almaadi (the past tense verb) is every verb that shows an action taking place in the past.(alzaman almaadi means the past time).
2- الفعل المضارع THE PRESENT TENSE VERB
1. اغسل يدي - I am washing my hands
2. ألبس ثيابي - I am putting my clothes on
3.نلعب بالكرة - we are playing with the ball
4.نمشي في الحقول - we are walking in the field
5.ينبح الكلب - the dog is barking
6. ينتبه الحارس - the guard is alert
7.تأكل البنت - the girl is eating 8. تذبل الوردة - the rose is blossoming
The highlighted verbs are all in the present tense or MUDAARI3. In arabic, the action and the person doing the action are put together. so for example in sentence 1 it says AGHSILU which means "I wash" or "I am washing" AGHSILU shows us washing taking place in the present time or the the future. The same for sentence 2, ALBASU THIYYABI "I wash my clothes or I am washing my clothes" shows us an action taking place in the present time (zaman al haadir) or in the mustaqbal(future )If we also look at each of the above sentences, we see that each fi3l(verb) at the start of the sentence begins with either a TAA, YAA, NUN, or HAMZA. تاءً ، ياءً، نوناً، همزة.
These 4 huruf are known as "ahruf al mudaari'a" أحرف المضارعة
For sentences 1 and 2 , AGHSILU and ALBASU both have the harf of hamza before them, this makes it singular. So it is one person talking. AGHSILU( I WASH) ALBASU ( I DRESS) For sentences 3 and 4, the NUN in the verbs NAL3AB and NAMSHI signify a group of people talking. SO the NUN corresponds to "WE" in ARABIC. NAMSHI(WE WALK) NAL3AB (WE PLAY) for sentences, 5 and 6, the YAA is talking about a male person. So in sentence 5, YANBAHU means HE IS BARKING and by the end of the sentence , we know who is barking. THE DOG(alkalb) In sentence 6, YANTABIHU means HE IS ALERT and we finish the sentence, we find out who is alert (THE GUARD, al haaris). And in sentences 7 and 8, the TAA is used for feminine terms, So the first sentences reads TA'KUL ALBINT which means (THE GIRL IS EATING). TA'KUL OR تأكل MEANS "SHE IS EATING" In sentence 8, TATHBUL or تذبل means "SHE IS BLOOMING or BLOSSOMING" and this is referring to the warda(the rose). which is a feminine term since it has the feminine TAA at the end.
القاعدة الخامسة : الفعل المضارع هو كل فعل يدل على حصول عمل في الزمن الحاضر أو المستقبل ولا بد أن يكون مبدوءًا بحرف من أحرف المضارعة وهي الهمزة والنون والياء والتاء .
THE FIFTH PRINCIPLE: THE PRESENT TENSE VERB IS EVERY VERB THAT SHOWS AN ACTION TAKING PLACE IN THE PRESENT TIME OR IN THE FUTURE AND IT IS NECESSARY THAT IT STARTS WITH ANY HARF OF THE HURUF OF THE PRESENT VERB WHICH ARE: THE ALIF HAMZA, NUN, YAA, AND TAA.
3-الفعل الأمر THE IMPERATIVE VERB
1. إلعب بالكرة - Play with the ball.
2. أطعم قطك - Feed your cat.
3. نظف ثيابك - Clean your clothes.
4. نم مبكراً- Sleep early.
5. تمهل في السير - Slow down in walking.
6.أجد مضغ الطعام - Chew the food.
The first words in the above sentences are all verbs(af3aal). because all of them are showing us that an act is taking place in a specific time. And if we look at the sentences we see that the mutakallim(one talking) is seeking something from the mukhaadib(one being talked to) here and is ordering him to do something in the future.For this reason, every verb from amongst these verbs is called "فعل أمر" OR ORDERING VERB(imperative)
القاعدة السادسة : فعل الأمر هو كل فعل يطلب به حصول شيءٍ في الزمن المستقبل
The Sixth Principle: The Fi3l al Amr (imperative, commanding verb) is every verb that demands an action to take place in the future.
Al Nahw al Waadih: LESSON 2
LESSON 2: Parts of a Sentence - أجزاء الجملة
This lesson is telling us the categories of a basic sentence structure in the Arabic language.
The examples of the sentences we shall use:
1. ركب إبراهيم الحصان - Ibraahim boarded the horse.
2. يداعب إسماعيل القط - Ismaaeel is playing the kitten.
3.يحصد الفلاح القمح - The farmer is harvesting the wheat.
4. تأكل الشاة فولاً وشعيرا - The sheep is eating grain(barley).
5. سمعت النصيحة - I listened to the advice.
6.يسطع النور في الحجرة - The light is entering (pouring in) the room.
7. تجري السفينة على الماء - The ship is sailing the water.
8.هل تحب السفر ؟ - Do you love travel?
We learned in the previous lesson that jumla mufeeda is made up of parts which are words(kalimaat). If we look at the above sentences and their meanings, we will find that Ibraahim, Ismaaeel, and the farmer are all words that name people(ashkaas, individuals). And the words; hisaan(horse), qidd(kitten), and shaat(sheep) are all words that name types of animals. and the words; qumh(wheat), fool, and sha'eer are all words that name type of nabaat(plants, etc), and the words; room(hujra), safeena(ship), and water name inanimate(nonliving) things. So each one of these words is an ism.
And if we look at the other words such as; ركب، يداعب ، يحصد ، تأكل are all words that show us what is taking place in a specific time(zaman khaas), so RAKIBA(he went on) shows us an action taking place in the PAST tense.( this is known as fi3l maadi) , YUDA3IB(playing with) is a verb that is in the PRESENT tense(known as fi3l mudaari3).
Finally, if we look at the words or expressions : في، على، وهل . FEE means, "in" ALA means "on or upon" and HAL means " do" These words are all HURUF or prepositions. If they are used alone, one will never get a complete understanding and therefore, these expressions are used with in the sentence and NEVER alone.
PARTS of sentence are divided into 3 categories:
إسم - كل لفظ يسمي به إنسان أو حيوان أو نبات أو جماد أو أي شيئ آخر
Meaning: ISM is a noun, which is every word that names a person, animal, plant, inanimate things or anything else of that sort.
فعل -كل لفظ يدل على حصول عمل في زمن خاص
Meaning: FI3l is every word that leads or shows an action taking place in a specific time(zaman khass)
حرف - كل لفظ لا يظهر معناه إلا مع غيره
Meaning: HARF means every lafdh (word, expression) whose meaning is not clear by itself. EX: feehi, 3ala, ilaa, min, bi, are HURUF(prepositions)
القاعدة الثالثة : الكلمة ثلاثة أنواع : إسمٌ ، وفعلٌ وحرفٌ
The Third Principle:The kalima is of 3 types: 1. ism ( a noun) 2. fi3l ( a verb) 3. harf( a preposition)
SOME EXERCISES (HOMEWORK): EXERCISE 1
اقرا الجمل الآتية وبين الأسماء التي تدل على أشخاص والتي تدل على حيوان والتي تدل على نبات والتي تدل على جماد
Read the sentences and make clear the nouns that name people and the ones that name animals, and the ones that name plants and nonliving things.
فريد يجري في الشارع - Fareed is running in the street.
علي يركب الحمار -Ali is riding the donkey.
يحب الولد البرتقال - The boy loves the orange.
يحترق الحطب - The firewood is burning.
الكلب ينام في البستان - The dog is sleeping in the garden.
يتسلق الغلمان في الجبل - The boys are climbing the mountain.
الثعلب يأكل الدجاج - The fox is eating the chicken.
البستاني يجمع الأزهار - The gardener is collecting the flowers.
إفترس الذئب كبشاً - The wolf hunted a lamb.
يسبح الأولاد في البحر - The boys are swimming in the ocean.
الحديد يدوب في النار - The iron is melting in the fire.
المداد في الدواة- The ink is in the inkstand.
This lesson is telling us the categories of a basic sentence structure in the Arabic language.
The examples of the sentences we shall use:
1. ركب إبراهيم الحصان - Ibraahim boarded the horse.
2. يداعب إسماعيل القط - Ismaaeel is playing the kitten.
3.يحصد الفلاح القمح - The farmer is harvesting the wheat.
4. تأكل الشاة فولاً وشعيرا - The sheep is eating grain(barley).
5. سمعت النصيحة - I listened to the advice.
6.يسطع النور في الحجرة - The light is entering (pouring in) the room.
7. تجري السفينة على الماء - The ship is sailing the water.
8.هل تحب السفر ؟ - Do you love travel?
We learned in the previous lesson that jumla mufeeda is made up of parts which are words(kalimaat). If we look at the above sentences and their meanings, we will find that Ibraahim, Ismaaeel, and the farmer are all words that name people(ashkaas, individuals). And the words; hisaan(horse), qidd(kitten), and shaat(sheep) are all words that name types of animals. and the words; qumh(wheat), fool, and sha'eer are all words that name type of nabaat(plants, etc), and the words; room(hujra), safeena(ship), and water name inanimate(nonliving) things. So each one of these words is an ism.
And if we look at the other words such as; ركب، يداعب ، يحصد ، تأكل are all words that show us what is taking place in a specific time(zaman khaas), so RAKIBA(he went on) shows us an action taking place in the PAST tense.( this is known as fi3l maadi) , YUDA3IB(playing with) is a verb that is in the PRESENT tense(known as fi3l mudaari3).
Finally, if we look at the words or expressions : في، على، وهل . FEE means, "in" ALA means "on or upon" and HAL means " do" These words are all HURUF or prepositions. If they are used alone, one will never get a complete understanding and therefore, these expressions are used with in the sentence and NEVER alone.
PARTS of sentence are divided into 3 categories:
إسم - كل لفظ يسمي به إنسان أو حيوان أو نبات أو جماد أو أي شيئ آخر
Meaning: ISM is a noun, which is every word that names a person, animal, plant, inanimate things or anything else of that sort.
فعل -كل لفظ يدل على حصول عمل في زمن خاص
Meaning: FI3l is every word that leads or shows an action taking place in a specific time(zaman khass)
حرف - كل لفظ لا يظهر معناه إلا مع غيره
Meaning: HARF means every lafdh (word, expression) whose meaning is not clear by itself. EX: feehi, 3ala, ilaa, min, bi, are HURUF(prepositions)
القاعدة الثالثة : الكلمة ثلاثة أنواع : إسمٌ ، وفعلٌ وحرفٌ
The Third Principle:The kalima is of 3 types: 1. ism ( a noun) 2. fi3l ( a verb) 3. harf( a preposition)
SOME EXERCISES (HOMEWORK): EXERCISE 1
اقرا الجمل الآتية وبين الأسماء التي تدل على أشخاص والتي تدل على حيوان والتي تدل على نبات والتي تدل على جماد
Read the sentences and make clear the nouns that name people and the ones that name animals, and the ones that name plants and nonliving things.
فريد يجري في الشارع - Fareed is running in the street.
علي يركب الحمار -Ali is riding the donkey.
يحب الولد البرتقال - The boy loves the orange.
يحترق الحطب - The firewood is burning.
الكلب ينام في البستان - The dog is sleeping in the garden.
يتسلق الغلمان في الجبل - The boys are climbing the mountain.
الثعلب يأكل الدجاج - The fox is eating the chicken.
البستاني يجمع الأزهار - The gardener is collecting the flowers.
إفترس الذئب كبشاً - The wolf hunted a lamb.
يسبح الأولاد في البحر - The boys are swimming in the ocean.
الحديد يدوب في النار - The iron is melting in the fire.
المداد في الدواة- The ink is in the inkstand.
Al Nahw al Waadih: LESSON 1
LESSON 1 الجملة المفيدة
What is jumla mufeeda means a sentence with a complete meaning(in other words, a sentence can not really be a sentence unless it makes sense and has a complete meaning)
Examples from sentences:
1- الْبُسْتَانُ جميلٌ which means "the garden is beautiful"
2- الشَّمْسُ طَالِعةٌ which means "the sun is rising"
3- شَمَّ عَلِيٌّ وَرْدَةً which means "Alee smelled the rose"
4- قَطَفَ مُحَمَّدٌ زَهْرَةً which means "Muhammad picked a flower"
5- يَعِيشُ السَّمكُ في الْمَاءِ which means "the fish lives in the water"
6- يَكْثُرُ النَّخِيلُ في مِصْرَ which means "the palm trees increase in Egypt"
Explanation: If we look at the first example الْبُسْتَانُ جميلٌ, we find that it is composed of 2 words. One being الْبُسْتَانُ (the garden) and the other being جميلٌ (is beautiful). If we were to take just the first word (al bustaan), we would not have a complete understanding except a single word, which is not enough to carry on(the speech). The same goes for if we took the other word (jameel). However if we put these 2 words together, (al bustaanu jameel), then we would have a complete understanding of what is being said.
Therefore, this is the jumla mufeeda. It is every sentence with a full, making-sense meaning.
THE FIRST PRINCIPLE: التركيب الذي يفيد فائدة تامة يسمى جملة مفيدة، ويسمى أيضًا كلامًا. الجملة المفيدة قد تتركب من كلمتين، وقد تتركب من أكثر، وكل كلمة فيها تعد جزءًا منها.
MEANING: 1. the words that make a complete meaning is called JUMLA MUFEEDA and is also called KALAM 2.the jumla mufeeda can be composed of 2 words or more, and each word in the jumla mufeeda is counted as part of it.
Some exercises: (For vocabulary)
اقرأ الجمل الآتية وبين الكلمات في كل واحدة منها: Read the sentences and make clear the meaning in each one.
1- السَّماءُ مُمْطرَةٌ - the sky is raining
2- الْحَديقَة جميلة - the garden is beautiful(al hadeeqa is another word of bustaan)
3- يَنقطِعُ المطرُ - the rain has stopped
4- يَسِيرُ السَّحابُ - the clouds are moving
5- تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ - the sun is rising
6- تجِفُّ الْأَرْضُ - the earth is shaking
7- الطَّائرُ فَوْقَ الشَّجرَةِ - the plane is above the tree
8- يقطِفُ علِيٌّ الْأَزهارَ - Ali is picking the flowers
9- يَلْعَبُ الْغِلْمانُ بالْكُرَة - the boys are playing with the ball
10- يَنْزِلُ المطَرُ مِنَ السَّماءِ - the rain is falling from the sky
11- تَسِيرُ السُّفُنُ في الْبحار - the ships are sailing the seas
12- يَشْتَدُّ الْبَرْدُ فَوْقَ الجبال - the cold is worsening above the mountains OR the cold above the mountains is worsening
Which sentences show a jumla mufeeda(sentence that makes sense and has complete meaning)??
1- لَيْسَ الْجَوُّ - NO " The weather is not..."
This sentence is not a jumla mufeeda because we do not have a complete sentence
2- أَكلَ فريدٌ YES "Fareed ate" We have a complete meaning
3- القِطارُ سَريعٌ YES "The train is fast"
4- إن اجْتهَدْتَ NO "If you work hard..." not complete
5- ليتَ الْمريض NO "The sick is not.."
6- الثوْبُ نَظيفٌ YES "the garment is clean"
7- الْكِتابُ الَّذِي NO "The book which.."
8- البنتُ المُتَعَلِّمة NO "The learning daughter.."
Optional Homework: (4) اجعل كل مثال من الأمثلة الآتية جملة مفيدة بوضع كلمة ملائمة في المكان الخالي
Make each of these sentences a jumla mufeeda by placing a word in the middle that would make sense
1- الْعُصْفُور .... الْقفَض meaning " The sparrow(bird)...cage" PLACE A WORD
2- الْولدُ .... الْفَاكِهةَ "the boy...the fruit" PLACE A WORD
3- الثَّورُ ... الأَرض "The ox..the earth" PLACE A WORD
4- الْولدُ الْمُهَذَّبُ ... "the well behaved boy..." ADD WORD
5- الحِذاءُ الضَّيِّقُ ... " The narrow(squishy) shoe..."
6- القمَرُ ... السَّماء "the moon...the sky" PLACE A WORD IN THE MIDDLE
(5) ضع كل كلمة من الكلمات الآتية في جملة مفيدة مركبة من كلمتين:
PUT EACH OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS INTO A JUMLA MUFEEDA MADE UP OF 2 WORDS ONLY
الحَديقة - THE GARDEN
(EX: THE GARDEN IS BEAUTIFUL الْحَديقَة جميلة
الشَّجرة- THE TREE
الأَزهار - THE FLOWERS
الشَّمْس - THE SUN
(6) ضع كل كلمة من الكلمات الآتية في جملة مفيدة مركبة من أكثر من كلمتين:
PUT EACH OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS INTO A JUMLA MUFEEDA MADE UP OF MORE THAN 2 WORDS
الْماء - THE WATER
الْفاكِهة -THE FRUIT
يَلْعَبُ - HE IS PLAYING
EXAMPLE FOR يَلْعَبُ
يلعب محمد في البيت يَرْكَبُ meaning, "Muhammad is playing in the house."
End of Lesson 1
What is jumla mufeeda means a sentence with a complete meaning(in other words, a sentence can not really be a sentence unless it makes sense and has a complete meaning)
Examples from sentences:
1- الْبُسْتَانُ جميلٌ which means "the garden is beautiful"
2- الشَّمْسُ طَالِعةٌ which means "the sun is rising"
3- شَمَّ عَلِيٌّ وَرْدَةً which means "Alee smelled the rose"
4- قَطَفَ مُحَمَّدٌ زَهْرَةً which means "Muhammad picked a flower"
5- يَعِيشُ السَّمكُ في الْمَاءِ which means "the fish lives in the water"
6- يَكْثُرُ النَّخِيلُ في مِصْرَ which means "the palm trees increase in Egypt"
Explanation: If we look at the first example الْبُسْتَانُ جميلٌ, we find that it is composed of 2 words. One being الْبُسْتَانُ (the garden) and the other being جميلٌ (is beautiful). If we were to take just the first word (al bustaan), we would not have a complete understanding except a single word, which is not enough to carry on(the speech). The same goes for if we took the other word (jameel). However if we put these 2 words together, (al bustaanu jameel), then we would have a complete understanding of what is being said.
Therefore, this is the jumla mufeeda. It is every sentence with a full, making-sense meaning.
THE FIRST PRINCIPLE: التركيب الذي يفيد فائدة تامة يسمى جملة مفيدة، ويسمى أيضًا كلامًا. الجملة المفيدة قد تتركب من كلمتين، وقد تتركب من أكثر، وكل كلمة فيها تعد جزءًا منها.
MEANING: 1. the words that make a complete meaning is called JUMLA MUFEEDA and is also called KALAM 2.the jumla mufeeda can be composed of 2 words or more, and each word in the jumla mufeeda is counted as part of it.
Some exercises: (For vocabulary)
اقرأ الجمل الآتية وبين الكلمات في كل واحدة منها: Read the sentences and make clear the meaning in each one.
1- السَّماءُ مُمْطرَةٌ - the sky is raining
2- الْحَديقَة جميلة - the garden is beautiful(al hadeeqa is another word of bustaan)
3- يَنقطِعُ المطرُ - the rain has stopped
4- يَسِيرُ السَّحابُ - the clouds are moving
5- تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ - the sun is rising
6- تجِفُّ الْأَرْضُ - the earth is shaking
7- الطَّائرُ فَوْقَ الشَّجرَةِ - the plane is above the tree
8- يقطِفُ علِيٌّ الْأَزهارَ - Ali is picking the flowers
9- يَلْعَبُ الْغِلْمانُ بالْكُرَة - the boys are playing with the ball
10- يَنْزِلُ المطَرُ مِنَ السَّماءِ - the rain is falling from the sky
11- تَسِيرُ السُّفُنُ في الْبحار - the ships are sailing the seas
12- يَشْتَدُّ الْبَرْدُ فَوْقَ الجبال - the cold is worsening above the mountains OR the cold above the mountains is worsening
Which sentences show a jumla mufeeda(sentence that makes sense and has complete meaning)??
1- لَيْسَ الْجَوُّ - NO " The weather is not..."
This sentence is not a jumla mufeeda because we do not have a complete sentence
2- أَكلَ فريدٌ YES "Fareed ate" We have a complete meaning
3- القِطارُ سَريعٌ YES "The train is fast"
4- إن اجْتهَدْتَ NO "If you work hard..." not complete
5- ليتَ الْمريض NO "The sick is not.."
6- الثوْبُ نَظيفٌ YES "the garment is clean"
7- الْكِتابُ الَّذِي NO "The book which.."
8- البنتُ المُتَعَلِّمة NO "The learning daughter.."
Optional Homework: (4) اجعل كل مثال من الأمثلة الآتية جملة مفيدة بوضع كلمة ملائمة في المكان الخالي
Make each of these sentences a jumla mufeeda by placing a word in the middle that would make sense
1- الْعُصْفُور .... الْقفَض meaning " The sparrow(bird)...cage" PLACE A WORD
2- الْولدُ .... الْفَاكِهةَ "the boy...the fruit" PLACE A WORD
3- الثَّورُ ... الأَرض "The ox..the earth" PLACE A WORD
4- الْولدُ الْمُهَذَّبُ ... "the well behaved boy..." ADD WORD
5- الحِذاءُ الضَّيِّقُ ... " The narrow(squishy) shoe..."
6- القمَرُ ... السَّماء "the moon...the sky" PLACE A WORD IN THE MIDDLE
(5) ضع كل كلمة من الكلمات الآتية في جملة مفيدة مركبة من كلمتين:
PUT EACH OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS INTO A JUMLA MUFEEDA MADE UP OF 2 WORDS ONLY
الحَديقة - THE GARDEN
(EX: THE GARDEN IS BEAUTIFUL الْحَديقَة جميلة
الشَّجرة- THE TREE
الأَزهار - THE FLOWERS
الشَّمْس - THE SUN
(6) ضع كل كلمة من الكلمات الآتية في جملة مفيدة مركبة من أكثر من كلمتين:
PUT EACH OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS INTO A JUMLA MUFEEDA MADE UP OF MORE THAN 2 WORDS
الْماء - THE WATER
الْفاكِهة -THE FRUIT
يَلْعَبُ - HE IS PLAYING
EXAMPLE FOR يَلْعَبُ
يلعب محمد في البيت يَرْكَبُ meaning, "Muhammad is playing in the house."
End of Lesson 1
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